概要
煩悩を完全に断ち切った阿羅漢の境地を讃えるこの章は、仏教修行の究極の目標を示します。欲望や執着から自由になった聖者たちの穏やかで揺るぎない心のありさまが、空を飛ぶ鳥や蓮の葉の水滴といった美しい比喩で描かれます。
"Yesaṁ sannicayo natthi, ye pariññātabhojanā; suññato animitto ca, vimokkho yesaṁ gocaro; ākāseva sakuntānaṁ, gati tesaṁ durannayā."
Gataddhino visokassa, vippamuttassa sabbadhi; Sabbaganthappahīnassa, pariḷāho na vijjati.
At journey’s end, rid of sorrow; everywhere free, all ties given up, no fever is found in them.
Uyyuñjanti satīmanto, na nikete ramanti te; Haṁsāva pallalaṁ hitvā, okamokaṁ jahanti te.
The mindful apply themselves; they delight in no abode. Like a swan gone from the marsh, they leave home after home behind.
Yesaṁ sannicayo natthi, ye pariññātabhojanā; Suññato animitto ca, vimokkho yesaṁ gocaro; Ākāseva sakuntānaṁ, gati tesaṁ durannayā.
Those with nothing stored up, who have understood their food, whose domain is the liberation of the signless and the empty: their path is hard to trace, like birds in the sky.
Yassāsavā parikkhīṇā, āhāre ca anissito; Suññato animitto ca, vimokkho yassa gocaro; Ākāseva sakuntānaṁ, padaṁ tassa durannayaṁ.
One whose defilements have ended; who’s not attached to food; whose domain is the liberation of the signless and the empty: their track is hard to trace, like birds in the sky.
Yassindriyāni samathaṅgatāni, Assā yathā sārathinā sudantā; Pahīnamānassa anāsavassa, Devāpi tassa pihayanti tādino.
Whose faculties have become serene, like horses tamed by a charioteer, who has abandoned conceit and defilements; the unaffected one is envied by even the gods.
Pathavisamo no virujjhati, Indakhilupamo tādi subbato; Rahadova apetakaddamo, Saṁsārā na bhavanti tādino.
Undisturbed like the earth, true to their vows, steady as Indra’s pillar, like a lake clear of mud; such a one does not transmigrate.
Santaṁ tassa manaṁ hoti, santā vācā ca kamma ca; Sammadaññāvimuttassa, upasantassa tādino.
Their mind is peaceful, peaceful are their speech and deeds. Such a one is at peace, rightly freed through enlightenment.
Assaddho akataññū ca, sandhicchedo ca yo naro; Hatāvakāso vantāso, sa ve uttamaporiso.
Lacking faith, a house-breaker, one who acknowledges nothing, purged of hope, they’ve wasted their chance: that is indeed the supreme person!
Gāme vā yadi vāraññe, Ninne vā yadi vā thale; Yattha arahanto viharanti, Taṁ bhūmirāmaṇeyyakaṁ.
Whether in village or wilderness, in a valley or the uplands, wherever the perfected ones live is a delightful place.
Ramaṇīyāni araññāni, yattha na ramatī jano; Vītarāgā ramissanti, na te kāmagavesino. Arahantavaggo sattamo.
Delightful are the wildernesses where no people delight. Those free of greed will delight there, not those who seek sensual pleasures.
「アラハント」は「尊敬に値する者」「煩悩を滅した者」を意味し、初期仏教における修行の最高到達点です。ブッダの時代、多くの弟子たちがこの境地に達したと伝えられています。阿羅漢は単に知識を得た人ではなく、貪欲・瞋恚・愚痴という三毒を根本から断ち切った人です。この章はその境地の素晴らしさを詩的に讃えつつも、それが超自然的な能力ではなく、心の完全な解放であることを示しています。
阿羅漢の境地は遠い理想に思えるかもしれませんが、この章が伝えるのは「執着から離れた心の自由」という、日常にも応用できる洞察です。物に執着せず、食事に貪らず、空を飛ぶ鳥のように跡を残さない——この自由な在り方は、物質主義や所有への執着が蔓延する現代社会への穏やかな問いかけでもあります。完全な解脱に至らずとも、少しずつ手放す練習は、今日からでも始められるのです。
用語にカーソルを合わせると意味が表示されます